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October 2, 2024
dhc 15 firefighter

dhc 15 firefighter

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The business of fighting fires from the air is global. This is dangerous work, and every season, it seems the industry loses aircrews to crashes.  Watch this short video to get an idea of how dangerous this activity is.

The skills pilots need to fly low and slow in murky air are impressive.  Look at how the crew of Tanker 10 handle their DC-10 in this canyon.

De Havilland DHC-515

Bloomberg reports that wildfires this year scorched an area roughly the size of Nicaragua.  Typically, firefighting aircraft are in their second life.  The DC-10 mentioned above started as a passenger airplane.  Some are ex-military aircraft.  There are few purpose-built firefighting airplanes.

One that is purpose-built is the De Havilland Canada (DHC) DHC-515.

DHC 515 waterbomber
De Havilland Canada

This aircraft has arguably the best heritage in aerial firefighting.  The “515” is derived from what was the Bombardier CL-415, and this aircraft was derived from the Canadair CL-215. Seen here is a CL-215 used by Greece powered by radial engines.

Canadair CL-215 waterbomber
Posterazzi

The heritage is easy to see.  You can read more about the DHC-515 here.

Two years ago there was talk of 22 LOI from Europe.  Actual deals have been more measured:  Greece for seven, Croatia for two, France for two, and Portugal for two, while global demand is higher. A concern for all operators is, what happens to all the Canadair/Bombardier/DHC waterbombers grounded for lack of parts and support? Then there is the issue of a dedicated DHC-515 Final Assembly Line. DHC’s first 515 is being assembled in facilities also used for the Twin Otter and Dash 8 refurbishment. DHC (like all OEMs) struggles to recruit skilled aviation personnel.

DHC has the opportunity to build on its established market base with a well known aircraft. However, the company is challenged by its recent reputation. Operators of its Dash 8 in particular have been vocal about parts shortages and poor service, and this impacts their waterbomber program.  Moreover, the number and age of waterbombers requires some closer scrutiny and one needs to ask how a DHC-515 will be better for operators.
The DHC-515 is essentially an updated flight deck on the CL-415 along with a few other improvements.  This essentially an aircraft designed in the 1960s and by the time the DHC-515 is completed and certified, it will be a ~70 year old aircraft platform. Is this a sufficient step change?  There is an opportunity here for another OEM.

Newer and bigger is probably better

The market definitely needs aerial firefighting solutions.  There are several solutions being developed using other aircraft and helicopter platforms.  Various European countries are adopting helicopter solutions with Bambi-buckets as these are readily available, cost-efficient, and better supported.  Other companies convert commercial aircraft platforms and, it can be argued, these solutions are more cost effective A new DHC-515 is not cheap.  Then again, waterbombers are typically bought by governments or hired by government agencies.
The Canadair design came with unique advantages.  Its amphibious capability is a strong point, but it mainly catered to the North American market at which it was targeted.  Land-based air tankers have more capacity, and larger wildfires need more capability than before.  The pilot shortage worldwide is exacerbated by the need for specialized amphibious operational experience, making this a significant challenge.  The downside of this requirement is seen in Turkey, Portugal, and Greece where crashes led to crew fatalities and a consideration to diversifying the fire attack fleet.
It is good to have amphibious aircraft available for aerial firefighting. The concept still sells well to decision-makers who may not have sufficient operational experience to differentiate between aircraft type flexibility. Consider the fires in Madeira during August this year, when the CL-415 was deployed but was unable to operate using the ocean, resulting in only one drop per hour. The limitations made firefighting more difficult. More helicopters would have helped.
The market need for a dedicated waterbomber is clear, but it should be larger than 6,000 liters per drop. Coulson‘s 737-700s have a 19,000-liter capacity, and the DC-10 tanker delivers over 35,000 liters per drop.
author avatar
Addison Schonland
Co-Founder AirInsight. My previous life includes stints at Shell South Africa, CIC Research, and PA Consulting. Got bitten by the aviation bug and ended up an Avgeek. Then the data bug got me, making me a curious Avgeek seeking data-driven logic. Also, I appreciate conversations with smart people from whom I learn so much. Summary: I am very fortunate to work with and converse with great people.

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